ПСИХОТЕХНИКА И ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНАЯ КОНСУЛЬТАЦИЯ МОЛОДЕЖИ

Ключевые слова. История психологии, психотехника, профессиональная консультация, подростки, образование.

Abstract. In this article, N.D. Levitov pays attention to one of the areas of psychotechnical activity – professional consultation of youth. Psychotechnicians understood the importance of this issue and highlighted the following significant points: a teenager, a young man has fluctuations in the structure of his personality; it is important to study his interests and inclinations, social and living environment, financial situation, awareness of professions, suggestion from various people - all this influenced the motives for choosing a profession; one should focus not on the profession, but on the professional channel, taking into account the type of production; existing pathology cannot be ignored. When diagnosing psychotechnics, general mental giftedness was studied; "lower equivalents of giftedness" (Meuman): attention, observation, memory, individual exerciseability; qualities of the psychomotor sphere: tempo, rhythm, coordination of movements, motor installation; technical giftedness; office diligence; social giftedness; pedagogical giftedness; emotional-volitional sphere; artistic giftedness. Over three years of work on vocational counseling, the following groups emerged: adolescents sent to vocational schools; adolescents additionally studying shorthand, typing, drawing, etc.; adolescents who have completed seven years of school and were entering technical schools; young people entering universities; young people wishing to receive an art education in one field or another; adults, candidates for workers' faculties, a significant contingent of young people without a clear idea of their future in work.

Keywords. History of psychology, psychotechnics, professional counseling, teenagers, education.