МОДУЛЬНОЕ ОПИСАНИЕ ВОЕННЫХ СПЕЦИАЛЬНОСТЕЙ ПОДГОТОВКИ ОФИЦЕРОВ В ВОЕННЫХ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫХ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯХ ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ
И.Н. Елисеева, Е.Ю. Шогорева
I.N. Yeliseyeva, E.Yu. Shogoreva MODULAR DESCRIPTION OF MILITARY SPECIALTIES OF OFFICER TRAINING IN MILITARY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION
DOI: 10.38098/ipran.opwp_2024_30_1_005
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Аннотация. Представлены результаты классификации военных специальностей подготовки офицеров по основанию значимости профессионально важных качеств (ПВК) выпускников. Дано описание модульного подхода (как разновидности типологического подхода) к классификации военных специальностей. Описана методика определения ПВК, основанная на подходе к классификации профессий Е.А. Климова. Исходными данными выступили тексты федеральных государственных образовательных стандартов (ФГОС), квалификационных требований (КТ) и основных профессиональных образовательных программ (ОПОП), содержащих требования к результатам обучения, а также разработанный перечень ПВК (144 качества) и анти-ПВК (41 качество) военных специалистов. Методы, использованные в исследовании: теоретический анализ, семантический анализ текстов, метод экспертной оценки, статистическо-математические методы. Экспертная оценка значимости ПВК для каждой военной специальности с последующим определением согласованности экспертных оценок по коэффициенту каппа Флейса (каппа Коэна) позволила сформировать базы данных с согласованными оценками ПВК и анти-ПВК по всем военным специальностям. Выявлены достоверные различия в значимости ПВК выпускников специалитета и магистратуры. Значимость качеств, обеспечивающих исполнительский труд, достоверно выше для специалитета. Для магистратуры достоверно выше значимость качеств, связанных с анализом разнородной информации, прогнозированием, принятием решений и лидерскими качествами. С помощью частотного анализа выявлен ряд общих для всех военных специальностей ПВК, а также общие ПВК для каждого из уровней подготовки. Кластерный анализ позволил выделить модули со схожими оценками значимости ПВК по блокам: интеллектуально-мнестическому, мотивационно-ценностному, личностному и эмоционально-волевому блоку, блоку свойств нервной системы и психомоторики. Для военных специальностей специалитета определено и описано пять, два, три, пять, пять модулей (по блокам соответственно), а для магистратуры: пять, два, три, три, два модулей. Выделены 32 группы военных специальностей специалитета и 16 групп магистратуры с различным сочетанием модулей ПВК. Обозначены некоторые дальнейшие направления работы в рамках поставленной проблемы.
Abstract. The results of the classification of military specialties of officer training on the basis of the importance of professionally important qualities (PVK) of graduates are presented. A description of the modular approach (as a kind of typological approach) to the classification of military specialties is given. The method of determining the PVK is described, based on the approach to the classification of professions by E.A. Klimov. The initial data were the texts of federal state educational standards, qualification requirements and basic professional educational programs containing requirements for learning outcomes, as well as a developed list of PVCs (144 qualities) and anti-PVCs (41 qualities) of military specialists. The methods used in the study are: theoretical analysis, semantic analysis of texts, the method of expert assessment, statistical and mathematical methods. An expert assessment of the importance of PVC for each military specialty, followed by the determination of the consistency of expert assessments by the kappa Fleiss coefficient (Cohen's kappa), allowed the formation of databases with consistent estimates of PVC and anti-PVC for all military specialties.Significant differences in the importance of the PVK of graduates of the specialty and master's degree were revealed. The importance of the qualities that ensure performing work is significantly higher for the specialist. For the master's degree, the importance of qualities related to the analysis of heterogeneous information, forecasting, decision-making and leadership qualities is significantly higher. Using frequency analysis, a number of PVCs common to all military specialties have been identified, as well as common PVCs for each of the training levels. Cluster analysis made it possible to identify modules by blocks with similar assessments of the importance of PVK: intellectual-mnestic, motivational-value, personal and emotional-volitional block, block of properties of the nervous system and psychomotor. For military specialties of the specialty, five, two, three, five, five modules are defined and described (according to blocks, respectively), and for the master's degree: five, two, three, three, two modules. 32 groups of military specialties of the specialty and 16 master's degree groups with a different combination of PVK modules were identified.Some further directions of work within the framework of the problem are outlined.
Елисеева И.Н., Шогорева Е.Ю. Модульное описание военных специальностей подготовки офицеров в военных образовательных организациях высшего образования // Институт психологии Российской академии наук. Организационная психология и психология труда. 2024. Т. 9. № 1. С. 93-116. DOI: 10.38098/ipran.opwp_2024_30_1_005
Yeliseyeva, I.N., Shogoreva, E.Yu. (2024). Modul'noe opisanie voennyh special'nostej podgotovki oficerov v voennyh obrazovatel'nyh organizacijah vysshego obrazovanija [Modular description of military specialties of officer training in military educational institutions of higher education]. Institut psihologii Rossijskoj akademii nauk. Organizacionnaya psihologiya i psihologiya truda. [Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Organizational psychology and psychology of work]. 9(1). 93-116. DOI: 10.38098/ipran.opwp_2024_30_1_005
Ключевые слова: ПВК, военные специальности, высшее образование, типологический подход, модульное описание.
Abstract. The results of the classification of military specialties of officer training on the basis of the importance of professionally important qualities (PVK) of graduates are presented. A description of the modular approach (as a kind of typological approach) to the classification of military specialties is given. The method of determining the PVK is described, based on the approach to the classification of professions by E.A. Klimov. The initial data were the texts of federal state educational standards, qualification requirements and basic professional educational programs containing requirements for learning outcomes, as well as a developed list of PVCs (144 qualities) and anti-PVCs (41 qualities) of military specialists. The methods used in the study are: theoretical analysis, semantic analysis of texts, the method of expert assessment, statistical and mathematical methods. An expert assessment of the importance of PVC for each military specialty, followed by the determination of the consistency of expert assessments by the kappa Fleiss coefficient (Cohen's kappa), allowed the formation of databases with consistent estimates of PVC and anti-PVC for all military specialties.Significant differences in the importance of the PVK of graduates of the specialty and master's degree were revealed. The importance of the qualities that ensure performing work is significantly higher for the specialist. For the master's degree, the importance of qualities related to the analysis of heterogeneous information, forecasting, decision-making and leadership qualities is significantly higher. Using frequency analysis, a number of PVCs common to all military specialties have been identified, as well as common PVCs for each of the training levels. Cluster analysis made it possible to identify modules by blocks with similar assessments of the importance of PVK: intellectual-mnestic, motivational-value, personal and emotional-volitional block, block of properties of the nervous system and psychomotor. For military specialties of the specialty, five, two, three, five, five modules are defined and described (according to blocks, respectively), and for the master's degree: five, two, three, three, two modules. 32 groups of military specialties of the specialty and 16 master's degree groups with a different combination of PVK modules were identified.Some further directions of work within the framework of the problem are outlined.
Keywords: professionally important qualities (PVC), military specialties, higher education, typological approach, modular description.
Библиографическая ссылка на статью:
Елисеева И.Н., Шогорева Е.Ю. Модульное описание военных специальностей подготовки офицеров в военных образовательных организациях высшего образования // Институт психологии Российской академии наук. Организационная психология и психология труда. 2024. Т. 9. № 1. С. 93-116. DOI: 10.38098/ipran.opwp_2024_30_1_005
Yeliseyeva, I.N., Shogoreva, E.Yu. (2024). Modul'noe opisanie voennyh special'nostej podgotovki oficerov v voennyh obrazovatel'nyh organizacijah vysshego obrazovanija [Modular description of military specialties of officer training in military educational institutions of higher education]. Institut psihologii Rossijskoj akademii nauk. Organizacionnaya psihologiya i psihologiya truda. [Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Organizational psychology and psychology of work]. 9(1). 93-116. DOI: 10.38098/ipran.opwp_2024_30_1_005